Leadership Is Not A Destination - 1224 Words

were similar, to mines other was quite different. Areas of similarity included: †¢ People get promoted by who they know not what they know †¢ don’t feel appreciated or valued by their employer. †¢ don’t feel their career goals are aligned with the plans their employers have for them. On my final note on the differences between what I am experiencing and that of other employees toward the role of being promoted to leadership in our organization. I came to the realization that my organization goal is just a saying because there no one to assist or even takes a chance to help their employee’s betterment. My hope is that top leaders would realize that leadership is not a destination; it is a continuum. No matter how smart or talented a person is, there is always room for growth, development, and continued maturation. If you place restrictions on a person’s ability to grow, they will not stay. 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The Legal System Of Domestic Violence - 1960 Words

Out of the shadows and into the limelight, the once hidden crime of domestic violence has recently emerged within the Australian community as a widespread criminal issue. This abuse of power occurs in a relationship when one partner attempts to physically or psychologically dominate and control the other. Inflicting physical harm upon another human being is undoubtedly a breach of the criminal law, yet the Australian legal system takes little measures to protect the wider community from this type of violence. According to Family Lawyer Richard Ingleby, domestic violence has often been condoned by the legal system due to the fact that assaults occur in the ‘private’ realm of the home where legal measures are regarded as inappropriate, and interventionist. However, by overlooking domestic violence as a criminal offence, does the Australian legal system fail to adequately protect the family unit from this form of violence? 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Piers Plowman Free Essays

string(23) " Great Rising of 1381\." CONTENT Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 History of the title†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Editorial, publication and reception history†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Concluding remarks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 Abstract Piers Plowman or Visio Willelmi de Petro Plowman (William’s Vision of Piers Plowman) is the title of a Middle English allegorical narrative poem by William Langland. It is written in unrhymed alliterative verse divided into sections called â€Å"passus†. We will write a custom essay sample on Piers Plowman or any similar topic only for you Order Now Piers is considered by many critics to be one of the early great works of English literature along with Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight during the Middle Ages. The poem- part theological allegory, part social satire- concerns the narrator’s intense quest for the true Christian life, from the perspective of mediaval Catholicism. This quest entails a series of dream-visions and an examination into the lives of three allegorical characters, Dowel (â€Å"Do-Well†), Dobet (â€Å"Do-Better†), and Dobest (â€Å"Do-Best†). Key words 1. Middle English poem 2. Allegorical narrative poem 3. Early great work Introduction The poem begins in the Malvern Hills in Malvern, Worcestershire. A man named Will falls asleep and has a vision of a tower set upon a hill and a fortress in a deep valley; between these symbols of heaven and hell is a â€Å"fair field full of folk†, representing the world of mankind. In the early part of the poem Piers, the humble plowman of the title, appears and offers himself as the narrator’s guide to Truth. The latter part of the work, however, is concerned with the narrator’s search for Dowel, Dobet and Dobest. It is now commonly accepted that Piers Plowman was written by William Langland, about whom little is known. This attribution of the poem to Langland rests principally on the evidence of an early-fifteenth-century manuscript of the C-text of Piers held at Trinity College, Dublin, which ascribes the work to one man called, ‘Willielmus de Langlond’. Other manuscripts also name the author as â€Å"Robert or William Langland†, or â€Å"Wilhelmus W†, which could be shorthand for â€Å"William of Wychwood†. The attribution to William Langland is also based on internal evidence, primarily a seemingly autobiographical section in Passus 5 of the C-text of the poem. The main narrator of the poem in all the versions is named Will, with allegorical resonances clearly intended, and Langland is thought to be indicated as a surname through apparent puns. This could be a coded reference to the poet’s name, in the style of much late-medi? val literature. Langland’s authorship, however, is not entirely beyond dispute, as recent work by Stella Pates and C. David Benson has demonstrated. History of the title In the sixteenth century, when Piers was first printed, authorship was attributed by various antiquarians, such as John Bale and poets to John Wycliffe and Geoffrey Chaucer, amongst others. Some sixteenth and seventeenth-century persons regarded the poem as anonymous, and/or associated it with texts in the plowman tradition of social complaint, particularly the Chaucerian pseudepigrapha, The Ploughman’s Tale and Pierce the Ploughman’s Crede. The latter was appended to Owen Rogers’ 1560 edition of Piers Plowman, a degraded version of Robert Crowley’s 1550 editions. The character of Piers himself had come to be considered by many readers to be in some sense the author. The first printed editions by Crowley named the author as â€Å"Robert Langland† in a prefatory note. Langland is described as a probable protege of Wycliffe. With Crowley’s editions, the poem followed an existing and subsequently repeated convention of titling the poem The Vision of Piers Plowman, which is in fact the conventional name of just one section of the poem. Some medievalists and text critics, beginning with John Matthews Manly, have posited multiple authorship theories for Piers, an idea which continues to have a periodic resurgence in the scholarly literature. One scholar now disputes the single-author hypothesis, supposing that the poem may be the work of 2–5 authors, depending upon how authorship is defined. In keeping with contemporary scholarly trends in textual criticism, critical theory, and the history of the book, Charlotte Brewer, among others, suggests that scribes and their supervisors be regarded as editors with semi-authorial roles in the production of Piers Plowman and other early modern texts, but this has nothing to do with Manly’s argument. Piers Plowman is considered to be one of the most analytically challenging texts in Middle English textual criticism. There are 50–56 surviving manuscripts, some of which are fragmentary. None of the texts are known to be in the author’s own hand, and none of them derive directly from any of the others. All modern discussion of the text revolves around the classifications of W. W. Skeat. Skeat argued that there are as many as ten forms of the poem, but only three are to be considered authoritative- the A, B, and C- texts- although the definition of â€Å"authoritative† in this context is problematic. According to the three-version hypothesis, each version represents different manuscript traditions deriving from three distinct and successive stages of authorial revision. Although precise dating is debated, the A, B, and C texts are now commonly thought of as the progressive (20–25 years) work of a single author. According to the three versions hypothesis, the A-text was written in around 1367–70 and is the earliest. It breaks off, apparently unfinished, at Book 11 and Book 12 is written by another author or interpolator. The poem runs to about 2,500 lines. The B-text (Warner’s ur-B text) was written around 1377–79. It revises A, adds new material, and is three times the length of A. It runs to about 7,300 lines. The C-text was written in the 1380s as a major revision of B except for the final sections. There is some debate over whether the poem can be regarded as finished or not. It entails additions, omissions, and transpositions; it is not significantly different in size from B. Some scholars see it as a conservative revision of B that aims at disassociating the poem from Lollardy and the religious and political radicalism of John Ball during the Great Rising of 1381. You read "Piers Plowman" in category "Essay examples" Ball appropriated Piers and other characters in the poem for his own verses, speeches, and letters during the Rising. There is little actual evidence for this proposal, and much against it. Skeat believed that the A-text was incomplete and based his editions on a B-text manuscript that he wrongly thought was probably a holograph. Modern editors following Skeat, such as George Kane and E. Talbot Donaldson, have maintained the basic tenets of Skeat’s work: there were three final authorial texts, now lost, that can be reconstructed, albeit imperfectly and without certainty, by rooting out the â€Å"corruption† and â€Å"damage† done by scribes. The Kane, Kane-Donaldson, and Russell-Kane editions of the three versions, published by the Athlone Press, have been controversial, but are considered among the most important accomplishments in modern editorial work and theory in Middle English. A. V. C. Schmidt has also published a parallel edition of A, B, C and Z, the promised second volume containing a full textual apparatus indicating his editorial decisions was finally published in 2008, long after the first volume fell out of print. A. G. Rigg and Charlotte Brewer hypothesized the existence of a Z-text predecessor to A which contains elements of both A and C. The Z-text is based on Oxford MS. Bodley 851, which Rigg and Brewer edited and published. It is the shortest version, and its authenticity is disputed. Ralph Hanna III has disputed the Rigg/Brewer approach based on codicological evidence and internal literary evidence; consequently the Z-text is now more commonly viewed as a scribal corruption of A with C elements. More recently, Lawrence Warner has shown that what was thought of as B in fact incorporates matter produced as part of the C-revision: if B circulated before C, it looked nothing like what had been assumed . There are some scholars who dispute the ABC chronology of the texts altogether, Jill Mann foremost amongst them. There is also a (minority) school of thought that two authors contributed to the three versions of the poem. Neither of these reappraisals of the textual tradition of the poem are generally seen as very robust. Editorial, publication and reception history John Ball, a priest involved as a leader in the Great Rising of 1381 (also known as the Peasants’ Revolt), included Piers and other characters in his writings. If Piers Plowman already had perceived associations with Lollardy, Ball’s appropriations from it enhanced his and its association with the Lollards as well. The real beliefs and sympathies at work in Langland’s poem and the revolt remain, for this reason, mysterious and debatable. No doubt because of Ball’s writings, the Dieulacres Abbey Chronicle account of the revolt refers to Piers, seemingly as a real person who was a leader with Ball in the revolt. Similarly, early in the history of the poem’s dissemination in manuscript form, Piers is often treated as the author of the poem. Since it is hard to see how this is credible to those who read the poem, perhaps the idea was that Piers was a mask for the author. Or, as the ideal character of the poem, Piers might be seen as a kind of alter-ego for the poet that was more important to his early readers than the obviously authorial narrator and his apparent self-disclosures as Will. Ironically, Will’s name and identity were substantially lost. In some contemporary chronicles of the Rising, Ball and the Lollards were blamed for the revolt, and Piers began to be associated with heresy and rebellion. The earliest literary works comprising the Piers Plowman tradition follow in the wake of these events, although they and their sixteenth-century successors are not anti-monarchical or supportive of rebellion. Like William Langland, who may have written the C-Text version of Piers Plowman to disassociate himself from the Rising, they look for the reform of the English church and society by the removal of abuses in what the authors’ deem a restorative rather than an innovative project. The most conspicuous omissions from William Caxton’s press were the Bible and Piers Plowman. Both may have been avoided for political reasons. It is possible that Piers may have been banned from print under prohibitions against histories, but this is uncertain; the language and metre might also have been obstacles. However, as in the case of Adrian Fortescue, as late as 1532, hand-copying of Piers manuscripts was still going on, and a staunch Roman Catholic like Fortescue could appreciate it as a critical, reformist but not a revolutionary, Protestant text. Robert Crowley’s 1550 editions of Piers Plowman present the poem as a social-gospelling Protestant’s goad to the reformation of religion and society. The poem’s publication probably did have resonance. Many texts evoke Piers or Ploughmen for reforming purposes: one of the Marprelate tracts claims Piers Plowman for its grandfather. Many scholars assert that Piers Plowman was a banned book, that it was published as â€Å"propaganda† for reformist interests backed by Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset or other high-placed aristocrats, and that Crowley added interpretive glosses and substantially altered the text of the poem for propaganda purposes. These inferences exceed the evidence, even if Piers Plowman was politically sensitive, as many books were in the Tudor period. The political nature of the poem- its mention of and association with popular rebellion- would obviously be unacceptable to the king, Somerset, and others, reform-minded though they were. In the passus summaries in the second and third editions, Crowley emphasizes material in the poem warning of political instability and widespread corruption when the king is a child. Other contemporary Edwardian and later Elizabethan publications by Crowley show that he was at this time concerned that the elite were using the Reformation to gain power and wealth, while the common people suffered economic and spiritual malnourishment. Piers Plowman likely functioned for Crowley as a reformist text with polemic and prophetic qualities, but the text and apparatus do not overtly convey that impression. Some of Crowley’s marginal glosses and his passus summaries are clearly polemical, but there are very few glosses in the first edition. The assertion of propagandistic editorial intervention by Crowley exaggerates both his glosses, and the evidence that he deliberately deleted â€Å"Catholic† elements of Langland’s poem- a few references to purgatory, transubstantiation, and some praise for monasticism. In the econd and third editions, where the glosses were substantially increased, almost half are biblical citations. Aside from Raphael Holinshed who merely quotes John Bale, the only sixteenth-century references to â€Å"Robert Langland† as the author of Piers Plowman come from Bale and Crowley in his preface to the various impressions. In 1580 John Stow attributed Piers Plowman to â€Å"Jo hn Malvern,† a name that surfaces again with John Pitts in 1619 and Anthony a Wood in 1674. Wood also supplied â€Å"Robertus de Langland† as a possible alternative, and Henry Peacham attributed the poem to John Lydgate in 1622. Except for Crowley and Francis Meres William Webbe is the only person to comment on the alliterative Piers Plowman favorably, since he disliked verse with â€Å"the curiosity of Ryme. † However, Webbe still disparaged the poem’s harsh and obscure language. Several other writers regard the poem’s matter approvingly, seeing it as anti-Catholic satire and polemic. The Ploughman’s Tale was printed more and over a longer period of time than Piers Plowman, it was also printed as a Chaucerian text and included in many editions of Chaucer and mentioned as a familiar text in Foxe’s Book of Martyrs. Such associations gave it far more exposure- and positive exposure- than Piers Plowman. Yet in many cases it seems that readers read or heard of The Ploughman’s Tale or another ploughman text and thought it was Piers Plowman. Given the diffusion of different Piers/Ploughman texts, it is usually not possible to be certain about what someone means to refer to when they mention â€Å"Piers Plowman† unless they provide specific identifying details- and most writers do not. When Langland’s poem is mentioned, it is often disparaged for its barbarous language. Similar charges were made against Chaucer, but he had more defenders and was already well established as a historical figure and â€Å"authority. † Despite the work of Bale and Crowley, Langland’s name appears to have remained unknown or unaccepted since other authors were suggested after Crowley’s editions. Sometimes â€Å"Piers Plowman† was referred to as the author of the poem, and when writers refer to a list of medieval authors, they will often mention Piers Plowman as an author’s name or a substitute for one. One gets the overall impression that Langland and Piers Plowman had less existence as author and text than did the fictional figure of Piers, whose relationship to a definite authorial and textual origin had been obscured much earlier. With its old language and alien worldview, Piers Plowman fell into obscurity until the nineteenth century, particularly the latter end. Barring Rogers, after Crowley, the poem was not published in its entirety until Thomas Whitaker’s 1813 edition. It emerged at a time when amateur philologists began the groundwork of what would later become a recognized scholarly discipline. Whitaker’s edition was based on a C-text, whereas Crowley used a B-text for his base. With Whitaker an editorial tradition truly began in the modern sense, with each new editor striving to present the â€Å"authentic† Piers Plowman and challenging the accuracy and authenticity of preceding editors and editions. Then, as before in the English Reformation, this project was driven by a need for a national identity and history that addressed present concerns, hence analysis and commentary typically reflected the critic’s political views. In the hands of Frederick Furnivall and W. W. Skeat, Piers Plowman could be, respectively, a consciousness-raising text in the Working Man’s College or a patriotic text for grammar school pupils. Piers Plowman has often been read primarily as a political document. In an 1894 study, J. J. Jusserand was primarily concerned with what he saw as the poem’s psychological and sociopolitical content—as distinct from the aesthetic or literary—in a dichotomy common to all modern humanistic studies. Four years later Vida Dutton Scudder compared the poem with socialist ideas from the works of Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin, and the Fabians. Concluding remarks Piers Plowman  is considered to be the biggest challenge in Middle English textual criticism, on par with the Greek  New Testament. There are 50-56 surviving manuscripts, depending on the number deemed to be fragments. None of these texts are in the author’s own hand, and none of them derive directly from any of the others. All differ from each other. Moreover, the language of  Piers Plowman  is remarkably plain. Langland went to extensive lengths to ensure that his poem was not bogged down by a dense vocabulary How to cite Piers Plowman, Essay examples Piers Plowman Free Essays Elyssa-Beth Bender British Literature Dr. Zeiger 14 March 2013 William Langland: Piers Plowman The life of William Langland is a mystery. There is very little known about the man who wrote the Middle English, alliterative poem known as Piers Plowman. We will write a custom essay sample on Piers Plowman or any similar topic only for you Order Now I did gather that he was born in the West Midlands around 1330 and may have died in 1386 (William Langland). Though much not can be found on Langland’s life, one can infer that he had many different life experiences in which he may drawn from to write Piers Plowman (Calabrese 123). Whether one looks at the elegant trial of Lady Meed at the King’s court, to impoverished life lived on Piers Plowman’s half-acre. Also the narrator in Piers Plowman seems to indicate that Langland may have been exposed to a higher education (Calabrese 123). There are three different versions of Piers Plowman, known as the A-text, the B-text, and the C-text The A-text is the earliest and shortest of the three versions and is about 2,400 lines long (Greenblatt 297). The B-text is an revision of the A-text in which the original 2,400 lines are still there but turned into a 4,000 line piece of work. During my reading of the B-Text, I found that it was more poetic in its form (Greenblatt 297). What I also found was that the C-text was almost a full revision of the B-Text with not much more added. The A-text seemed to be written in 1370 while the B-text. The C-text may have been written in 1381 during the â€Å"Peasants Revolt of 1382† (William Langland). The opening lines let the reader know what to expect: a man named Will on a religious quest that is set in a dream-like, vision state. He wakes up in Field Full of Folk in the opening scene. It is quite obvious to the reader that Will is a very righteous man as he is described to be wearing â€Å"shroudes as [he] a sheep were, / In habite as an heremite unholy of werkes. † (line 124). This indicates that Will is in clothes made of sheepskin, a symbolic meaning to The Lamb (Calabrese 4). However, it could also make the reader conclude that he may also be a wolf in sheep’s clothing. The uncertainty is loathsome. The reader might think, â€Å"Is he good or evil? Will he hurt or help? † (Calabrese 124). The phrase, â€Å"unholy of werkes† seems like Will could be evil, but by the end of the poem, we see that it meant that spiritually Will was only just a child and needed to mature. In continuation with this idea, in the prologue of Piers Plowman, Will is born metaphorically into his vision and faith. In the first passus, Will is confronted by a female named, Holy Church and becomes quickly engaged in learning how to be a good Christian (line 153). Holy Church represents a holy and pure church that is uncorrupted by man (Daegman 274). She is vital for teaching Will the basics of Christianity. I found that her presence was the best way to teach Will the holy and pure way to be a Christian untouched by the corrupt hands of man. She also teaches Will that the body and soul are in constant struggle for power. Holy Church explains that Will must find the balance between physical self and spiritual self lead by the soul; what may be good for one may not be good for the other(line 209). Will must learn at this point what moderation is. Moderation is a vital step of self-control and awareness in Piers Plowman. Will is now faced with a few new characters named, Kynde Wit, who tells him the way of common sense; Reason, who tells him what reason and moderation mean; and Truth expects Will he must be truthful in speech, work, and intent of the heart and soul (700-1235). Before Will could fully comprehend what Truth meant, he need to find out what truth is not: falsity or the character â€Å"Falseness†. After meeting with these characters Will had learned everything they could instill upon him. However, since Will is in a dream-like, vision state, he fears that he will not have the capability to make the right decision with his own free will. In his early education with Holy Church, she fails to explain what Falseness means for Will. However in the story of Lady Meed, concept is explained (line 1456- 1729), Lady Meed seems to be the bastard daughter of Falseness and about to be wed to Fals Fikel-tonge (line 1464). â€Å"Whore of Babylon in Revelation,† she is described as, with her magnificent scarlett, silk robes (1468). Lady Meed represents the corruptive influence of money, bribery, prostitution, and is found in every aspect of society. In this story of Lady Meed, she represents good use of money. However, since Lady Meed can be used by anyone, she often falls into the wrong hands and used for corrupt purposes. Lady Meed’s marriage to Fals Fikel-tonge is ceased by Theology, who pursues that the King is the one who should decide whom Lady Meed marries (1475). In the royal court, Lady Meed and her follower voyage off to London at the expense of men of legal authority. The King calls upon Conscience for his advice. At this point he swears he will have nothing to do with the evil, wickedness of Lady Mead and her fate is left to the courts (1509). With the advice of Concscience, the King decides to find out what kind of person Lady Mead is. The King decides that the best thing for Lady Mead was to marry Conscience to know where the line is drawn between right and wrong (1534). Though the King’s intentions were in good reason, Lady Mead was known to be easily corrupted. The King believed Conscience was the perfect mate to control Lady Mead and make her submissive to his good morals. However, Conscience explained to the King that this would not be possible because though his morals were pure and righteous, he would soon eventually be consumed by the power of Lady Mead (1547). Since Lady Mead can be easily used by anyone, she os quickly corrupted by those around her. She is accused of corrupting the pardoners who forgive the sins of the common (not of the clergy) people. As we recall back to Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, Pardoners of this time were very ill-willed men who would only accept money and power to pardon the sins of people. This corruption is said to be the work by the hands of Lady Mead. In this part of Piers Plowman, It is the responsibility of the character Penance to steer Will away from the ill-will and corruption of Lady Mead’s influence on the pardoners’ business (1609). Before a marriage with Conscience, Lady Mead discusses her character. While she shows him all the wonderful aspects of her existence, Conscience reminds her of her malevolent ways (1613). It is clear to the King that Conscience is right, however the King is blinded by Lady Mead’s conveyed character of good will. At this point, the King orders Conscience to give her a kiss on the forehead, which is to signify there to be peace between the two characters (1645). However, Conscience would not give her a kiss of peace unless Reason was summoned to asses the pros and cons, essentially, of the situation (1647-49) . The King, a benevolent creature, decides to honor the request of Conscience and summon Reason. The King decides to bring Wrong to the court to defend Lady Mead and convince the King his ways are correct (1664-1672). He believes he should be allowed to bribe his way out of the charges of rape, murder, and theft. Reason snaps back at this and urges for hard punishment to be inflicted on Wrong. The King, swept up by all these testimonies, decides in favor of Reason and Conscience, whom were selected to be his counselors. Wrong is punished and the King’s eyes are now open to Lady Mead’s benevolent aspects. He is no longer naive. At this point, the King’s court has flourished since Conscience and Reason became his advisors. Holy Church explains to Will that Conscience and Reason are two things that every person has within them on some level. She also explains that the King is not a character that is based on royal heritage. The King is a being that represents the challenges that every common man faces (Burrow 318). Explained even further in an article by J. A Burrow every man faces the challenges of Right and Wrong, and often seeks to find Conscience and Reason in their lives. At this point, the scene fades into the Field Full of Folk once again as Will wakes up and then falls asleep shortly after. Next, Will is confronted with the character of Reason who fashions the wardrobe of a clergymen. He urges Will to repent (2573). After urging Will to confess his sins, he brings out the Seven Deadly Sins. This section of the story where Reason speaks to each of the seven and teaches Will that if he lives with The Seven Deadly Sins in his life, he will never find salvation. The next section starts with the Will waking up briefly from the vision and reflecting on his experience so far. However, our dreamer, Will quickly falls back into his dream. In this next part of his holy vision quest, he enters upon the Feast of Patience ( 2798-2906). Seven people attend the Feast, Conscience, Clergy and his wife, Scripture, Patience, Will, and The Master of Divinity. The food was simple and elegant which was to show will what penance means (Burrow 319). Later in the poem,Will is though of as a fool (3015-3016). At this point of Will still being a foolish man, he is intorduced to Anima, who tells Will the importance of putting into action all that he has learned (3025-3120). Anima prepares Will for a vision of the Tree of Charity. In a vision conveyed to Will by Piers Plowman himself, a tree is an image of fallen humanity. Piers Plowman is said to be represented as Jesus (Burrow 320). There are three kinds of fruit: human souls of wedlock, widowhood, and virginity, and it is supported by three planks. The three planks have been explained to will as the Holy Trinity (Greenblatt 399). However the Tree being threatened by Covetise, who is the Fiend of Flesh. The tree represents the tree that bore the fruit of knowledge, much like the fruit referenced in Genesis. The tree contains knowledge that is not to be consumed by man. However, in this section of Piers Plowman, The Devil is pursuing Covetise to extract fruit from the tree for evil intentions. Toward the end of the poem, Will goes to mass on Easter Sunday and, during the middle of mass, falls asleep and dreams of Piers Plowman. Piers is identified this time as the eucharistic host at the moment of consecration during the Mass when the bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Christ (Greenblatt 399). The mystery of the Body and blood of Christ is mysterious to Will as he cannot understand at what point these common items become holy. The answer is conveyed appearance of Piers before the people. Will turns to Conscience for an explanation of the mystery. Conscience recalls the life of Jesus by explaining the sacrament. The miracle at Cana involves the changing of water into wine, a type of wine turning into blood in the Eucharist. Thus, the Three Lives are put into the perspective of the ministry of Christ, and the message is clear: it is impossible to do well, do better, and do best without divine grace, and this grace is available to all through the sacraments, especially the Eucharist and penance(Burrow 380) . If Dowel is the sacramental wine, Dobet is the eucharistic bread, as it is paralleled to the miracle of the loaves and fishes (Greenblatt 399). That Piers is granted the power of binding and unbinding sins reflects back upon the early association of Piers and the Good Priest (Daegman 7) . Piers is a variation of Peter, suggesting the apostle and first pope. Piers remains behind after the Ascension, and it is to him that Grace gives the four evangelists and the four church leaders (3321-3364). Piers is known to be Jesus Christ whom is a part of the eternal, divine Church. Noticeably, the forces of Pride wait to attack until Piers until he has featured once more at the end of Piers Plowman. By the end of the poem there are no good clergy. (Daegman 8). The Barn of Unity that Grace tells Piers to build is another image of the whole Christian community (3433-3457). However, since the Tree of Charity is under constant threat, so is the Barn of Unity. Covetise and Pride try to confuse Conscience with their so that he can not tell the difference between a Christian and a dark worshipper. Conscience advises the Christians to leave the area to find safely form the the malevolent qualities (3458-3465). Events turn dark for Will and is in need of consulting Need. It can be a humbling factor, but it can also be a convenient excuse for doing what one wants to do rather than what one ought to do. Will falls asleep after being reproached by Need and dreams of the coming of Antichrist. Conscience consults Kynde, Old Age, and Death. Though Will has become an old man, he manages to keep somewhat in good humor. His appearance has changed dramatically. He has become bald, deaf, toothless, and a bit incompetent due to his old age. During this last part of Piers Plowman, Will is confronted by the inevitable character named Death (3502- 3696). As Will’s time is coming to an end, he begs Kynde for him to spare him. Kynde advises Will learn what love is (3757) . This could be compared to what Holy Church told Will in the first section. Though Piers Plowman is a lengthy alliterative poem, it ends considerably curtly. Conscience vows to undertake another quest, this time to find Piers Plowman, and he calls upon Grace for help. Then the Dreamer simply wakes up and that is the end. I found that the ending lines of the poem had no emotion to it. I was not able to feel if Will felt like his total experience was positive or negative. Will’s attitude does seem to show the slightest bit of positivity as he learns to find what it means to be a Christian and learns the value of good morals. Piers Plowman is a series of journeys in a dream-like vision in search for answers. The narrator named Will goes from one higher authority to another. However, as the quests move along, the main point of the journey changes. The quest was originally to find how a Christian is expected to live, however, as time goes on it becomes about finding a way to do the best and be the best one can be (Daegman 273). When the poem finishes, Will is faced with yet another quest. this indicates to the reader that a Christian’s search for salvation is eternal (Daegman 273). Works Cited Burrow, J. A. The Ending Lines in Piers Plowman. Notes Querles (2012). vol. 59 Issue 3, p 316-400. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Feb. 2013. Calabrese, Michael. Piers Plowman: A Parallel-Text Edition of The A,B,C, And Z Versions. Journal of English Germanic Philogy. (2012): vol. 35 issue 12 127-130. Academic Search Complete. Web. 15 Feb. 2013. Deagman, Rachel. The Formations of Forgiveness in Piers Plowman. Journal of Medieval Early Modern Studies (2010). vol. 40 issue 2 p. 273-97. Academic Search Complete. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. â€Å"William Langland† Encyclopedia Britannica. Britannica Online Web. 27 Feb, 2013 Greenblatt, Stepehn. â€Å"William Langland:Piers Plowman† The Norton Anthology English Literature vol. A. New York 397- 408. How to cite Piers Plowman, Papers

Hunting with Dogs Running for your life, but yet knowing deep inside you that youre going to be ripped limb from limb Essay Example For Students

Hunting with Dogs Running for your life, but yet knowing deep inside you that youre going to be ripped limb from limb Essay Running for your life, but yet knowing deep inside you that youre going to be ripped limb from limb. The last thing you hear is your screams for help and the sound of cheering by a group of humans. The last thing you see is your killers face covered in your blood. Some people call this morally wrong act of cruelty a sport. It is turning into a more common sport around the country and it needs to stopà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦not for the distant future, but NOW! Reports and tests show that 96. 9% of animals hunted and then killed by dogs die a slow painful death due to their atrocious injuries. The other 3. 1% of animals killed by dogs die from exhaustion and die more quickly from its injuries. Either way the hunted animal dies from the effects of being hunted. Surely this has to stop? Why do you say? Well why do hunting packs only hunt foxes, deers, hares and minks? Ill tell you why, its because these animals dont defend themselves against the hounds. They arent strong enough to attack back. They just run, run as far as they can go, until the hounds catch up and kill them. Easy targets. More animals hunted in one go. Quick and effective games. If this isnt cruelty to animals, then I dont know and cant see, what is! RSPCA, CPHA and LACS are the most highly praised organisations that try to prevent these hunting games from carrying on. They try to their highest ability to try and ban hunting with dogs, but sadly the government and the House of Lords are too strong and believe this morally wrong blood sport is perfectly normal. They say the sport can go ahead because it keeps control over the numbers of Foxes, Deers, Hares and Minks. However, studies show that the number of those animals doesnt need controlling and could decrease at alarming rates in the near future. If they thought this sport helps keep control and that its the only way, well theyre wrong! Scientists show that the only rightful way to keep control over the numbers of animals is not to hunt them with dogs but to shoot them with a type of tranquilliser which would cause the animal to die a quiet, non painful death. This is kind to the animal without the outrage of a bloodthirsty dog ripping them limb from limb. Are the government and the House of Lords being stubborn? Scared to face up to the situation and the blood sports team members? Among the supporters of hunting there is a fear that if it is banned there will be a severe shortage of jobs in rural areas. However I feel that this argument does not stand up in todays modern world with its very low overall unemployment rates. In addition to this the rapid increase in opportunities for working at home coupled with the advances in computer technology and the associated training courses available make it easier to replace any lost jobs. Hunting is natural. Humans have been hunting since the moment we were created, so why stop now? says Mr Robert Burns, a farmer from Somerset. Everybody aggress initially we were barbaric in nature but surely were suppose to have progressively become more civilised. Or have we? Picture the scene: Youre looking for food for your loved one and your 4 children. You hear a noise, which youve heard before, but you carry on hunting for food for your family. Then suddenly out of the bushes jump 15 hounds, thirsty for blood, your blood. You run until you can run no more; you collapse. .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .postImageUrl , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:hover , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:visited , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:active { border:0!important; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:active , .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76 .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u15d669d799278660f0b2dd16c4472f76:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: As evening approaches on the planet Eternia, the Masters of the Universe â€Å" guardians of good â€Å" gathered outside of the Castle Grayskull EssayFighting for your breath, you try to get up but before you know it youre being ripped apart. Youre dead. Your body is covered in blood and taken away by a human on a horse. Your skin to make clothes. Your flesh to be eaten by your killers. Your bones crushed to mark various items. Your family is left to starve. Your family is dead. But worse the, perpetrators revel in it. The question we need to ask is, who are the real animals, the Foxes, Deers, Hares and Minks, or US? Let us make positive steps to change this situation b y getting the law changed to ban hunting with dogs.

Analysis of the most important external environmental factors

Introduction There are elaborate principles instituted for the purposes of ensuring attraction and retention of clients within fitness industry. This can be drawn from the nature of world-class modern facilities required. The issues surrounding retention and attraction of clients remain one of the most concerns within the industry. This has led to increase in competition amongst smaller companies within the industry hence making operations more complicated (Mintzberg et al., 2003).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the most important external environmental factors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More External environmental factors within Town Sports Inc International There is enough evidence to prove that unlike most other major competitors within the market, Town Sports focuses on building current credentials and reputation based on high quality service provision amongst high-end and low-end consumers. Som e of the most important external factors affecting Town Sports include location and accessibility. Most consumers choose their venue for fitness based on these two factors. At the same time, financial and time commitment are necessary considerations as well as catering for those having tight work schedules and unable to commute to the company’s fitness centers. At times customers feel demoralized when it comes to covering long distances for the purposes of reaching fitness centers. Other factors considered involved encouraging employees by offering corporate contracts at discounted within office premises (Town Sports International, 2012). The nature of consumer demand within some areas has also contributed towards the growth of Town Sports Inc. This is since increase in demand signifies existence of potential target market and increase in physical health and fitness awareness. Composition of the target population in terms of age has also influenced the company’s perfor mance. Town Sports basically serves youths and adults, with the majority age being between 15 to 50 years. Exposing this group of people to health consciousness through physical exercises makes them remain fit even in old age. The nature of services offered within the premises has also determined the percentage of attendance. This is since services are directed towards specific age range such as Yoga classes for seniors and appropriate classes for youths and teenagers (Mintzberg et al., 2003). The company has considered cultural trends, through creation of national awareness campaigns concerning importance on physical fitness. There have been increased media campaigns as well as educational programs for the purposes of creating awareness. Cost of membership is reviewed frequently since it provides major stumbling block towards profitability within the industry. Various age groups are offered affordable prices according to their capabilities (Mintzberg et al., 2003). Analysis of most important internal strengths and weaknesses Strengths Success of Town Sports Inc depends on its ability to offer credible corporate culture and ability to implement creative marketing principles. The kind of leadership within Town Sports focuses on providing consumers with new equipments at affordable costs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such kind of leadership strategies are considered integral in the process of establishing accepted culture within the corporate community. The management engages in much creativity, especially through introduction of technologically proven essential facilities. Such essential facilities provide customers with desired convenience and efficiency (Town Sports International, 2012). Management focuses on discovering successful business aspects capable of withstanding any difficult times within the industry. This is not necessarily in contrast with other business enterprises since many practices within particular sectors are similar across the industry. There are also other key points involving innovation and development of many unique business practices by the organization’s management. In matters of differentiation, Town Sports Inc operates multiple clubs within populated regions making it easier for the company to serve targeted customer bases. The company’s operation of close to one hundred and forty clubs equivalent to control of at least 2% of the market (Town Sports International, 2012). Weakness There is lack of customer loyalty to Town Sport brand which makes it loose considerable number of customers. Consumers are basically at freedom to choose fitness club of their choice since there are no dominant companies within the industry. Town spot fitness facilities are only concentrated to the east coast meaning that a large population within other regions are still deprived of their services. Town Sport Inc applies the use of cost leadership method which usually focuses on meeting consumer demands through efficient services at affordable prices. There is focus on satisfying customer’s basic fitness needs and also minimization of costs by offering similar services in all centers. The company utilizes available extensive knowledge of the management team as well as innovative marketing strategies to capitalize on expansion (Town Sports International, 2012). Town Sports Inc competitive position and possibilities Based on Porter’s five forces, there is growing interest within the industry owing to low barriers to entry. This has made threat of new entrants to be high within the industry. At the same time there is low switching of costs based on the fact that, consumers choose preferred fitness centers based on accessibility and not brand name. Lack of strict government regulations and also lack of dominant centers has led to increase in the number of new entrants. This ul timately explains existence of low barriers to entry with the only barrier being high nature of initial capital investment required for opening new facility (Barney, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the most important external environmental factors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bargaining power of suppliers seems low since the industry requires contributions from few suppliers. The only distinguishing factor the company depends on its ability to offer new equipment based on improved technology. This is because there is similarity in kind of services offered by all companies involved. However, suppliers may have influence in offering technologically improved equipments since there is vast number of suppliers within the market making competition stiff amongst suppliers hence equipment’s low prices. This makes Town Sport Inc and other companies within the industry depend so much on membe rship revenue due to high bargaining power of buyers. Low costs involved within the industry has made it easier for consumers to control prices prompting the company to lower prices for the purposes of remaining competitive through increase in number of customers. This presents one of the biggest challenges since low prices benefit consumers but decreases industry revenue returns. The company faces high threat of substitutes based on high presence of other recreational activities. Outdoor activities have remained popular and some of the activities are cheaper compared to gym subscriptions. However, such activities can at times be affected by weather presenting an advantage to gymnasium facilities. The other substitute includes home-based exercise equipments found amongst higher-income consumers with limited free time (Barney, 2007). Conclusion Town Sports Inc strategies mainly target increase in number of customers, and enhancement of their loyalty to the facilities and services.   The organization’s main task involves retention of loyal customers within regions served and beyond. This ensures consistent increase in market share for various services provided.   Managing the task of capturing attention of potential clients assures that the fitness company receives positive results. References Town Sports International. (2012). Company Overview. Retrieved from http://mysportsclubs.com/ Barney, J., B. (2007). Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. (3rd ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle RiverAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mintzberg, H., Ghoshal, S., Lampel, J., Quinn, J. B. (2003). The strategy process:  Concepts, contexts, cases.(4th ed.). Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River This essay on Analysis of the most important external environmental factors was written and submitted by user Markus Gilbert to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Teen Drinking

Teen drinking is very prevalent in today’s society. Have you ever been to a party and someone started drinking and soon everyone there was too? Did you ever stop to think what problems go along with teen drinking. It is no joke it is a very serious problem. A lot of teens do not realize that alcohol damages them physically, emotionally, and mentally. When teens use alcohol it causes many physical problems. Alcohol can ruin your health. The more you drink the more damages is done to your body. Many teens do not realize that when you consume alcohol in large quantities and done quickly you body has no chance to assimilate the alcohol, thus resulting in alcohol poisoning, coma or even death. Likewise, prolonged and heavy abuse of alcohol can slowly kill you. It can damage or destroy vital organs, such as your liver, pancreas, brain, and heart. Developing young bodies and minds are particularly vulnerable to such damage, which is sometimes irreparable. Some teens claim that alcohol helps them to function better. Some teens are shy, and feel drinking allows them to meet new people, have fun, and come out of their shells. The problem is though that a teen matures not by running from difficult situations but by facing them. Learning to cope with problems as a youth is just a rehearsal for the trials of adulthood. In the long run shy teens or teens in general who drink find that the temporary effects of alcohol do not help them over come their shyness or to feel better. The same is true of using alcohol as a crutch in dealing with stress. If a youth feels overwhelmed and stressed out he may think that a drink of alcohol will calm him down and take away the stress or problems he or she is facing. When teens drink it slows down their mental process. Even though they may not think it does, alcohol impairs your speech and thoughts. They are unable to think clearly and make quick decisions that may cost them... Free Essays on Teen Drinking Free Essays on Teen Drinking The drinking age is fine, if anything is should get raised. It is hard to ignore the fact that this law is broken everyday. It's the 90's all teens just want to fit in. Kids are drinking at a much younger age. Now, even 10 year olds and 11 year olds are trying to fit in with us older kids. It's amazing and sometimes funny what kids will do just to fit in with the "good" crowd. Well to some of us, that's considered the druggies and drinkers. Our parents call them the "bad" crowd with good reason. I speak from experience. Now I agree with the parents out there who worry about their kids getting into the same kind of troubles as I was in at one point in my life. I'm going to cut the bull*censored* and talk about the facts. Here's what parties today look like for teens. The setting, a beach or a house with no adults around to say what's wrong. The people are a bunch of teens of both sexes. The environment is any kind of drugs and or alcohol. These consists of hard liquor like Vodka and Jack Daniel's. Then there is beer with the lighter stuff like wine, wine coolers, and fuzzy navel. Teens that drive are in big trouble and are at big risk. I'm not blaming the accidents that involve drunk in just teens. Drunk drivers are of all ages. And I'm not trying to say that all teens drink either. But the ones that do and are stupid enough to say they're sober and can drive home safe. Those are the ones that put innocent citizens at risk. The drunk teens that drive are looking at getting their license provoked. They go to jail, their car gets impounded, and of course they get a DUI. At parties where teens get drunk and have kinky sex, they can easily forget stuff like making sure the girl cums. A lot of times that's where teens get pregnant. The girls don't always know their pregnant so they continue drink. This is bad for their baby. When they have unprotected sex there's the risk of diseases. All together I think it's pretty stupid to... Free Essays on Teen Drinking Teen drinking is very prevalent in today’s society. Have you ever been to a party and someone started drinking and soon everyone there was too? Did you ever stop to think what problems go along with teen drinking. It is no joke it is a very serious problem. A lot of teens do not realize that alcohol damages them physically, emotionally, and mentally. When teens use alcohol it causes many physical problems. Alcohol can ruin your health. The more you drink the more damages is done to your body. Many teens do not realize that when you consume alcohol in large quantities and done quickly you body has no chance to assimilate the alcohol, thus resulting in alcohol poisoning, coma or even death. Likewise, prolonged and heavy abuse of alcohol can slowly kill you. It can damage or destroy vital organs, such as your liver, pancreas, brain, and heart. Developing young bodies and minds are particularly vulnerable to such damage, which is sometimes irreparable. Some teens claim that alcohol helps them to function better. Some teens are shy, and feel drinking allows them to meet new people, have fun, and come out of their shells. The problem is though that a teen matures not by running from difficult situations but by facing them. Learning to cope with problems as a youth is just a rehearsal for the trials of adulthood. In the long run shy teens or teens in general who drink find that the temporary effects of alcohol do not help them over come their shyness or to feel better. The same is true of using alcohol as a crutch in dealing with stress. If a youth feels overwhelmed and stressed out he may think that a drink of alcohol will calm him down and take away the stress or problems he or she is facing. When teens drink it slows down their mental process. Even though they may not think it does, alcohol impairs your speech and thoughts. They are unable to think clearly and make quick decisions that may cost them...

BVC Company Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

BVC Company Law Assignment - Essay Example Tyler from the directorship of the company was valid or otherwise. 3. Winding up proceedings, based on a statutory demand in proper form, have been commenced against the company. The petition has already been advertised and the company’s bank accounts have been frozen. The company wrote to the creditor, when underlying debt was first demanded, stating that the agreement was that the creditor’s invoices were payable after 60 days. I have been informed that the petition was given to a junior employee, who did not understand what it was, and it was not until very recently that Mr Henderson heard of it and immediately contacted the instructing solicitors. They also contend that since the bank accounts are frozen, it is not possible for them to pay off the petitioning creditor. Summary of Advice 4. As a director, Mr. Tyler owed a duty to take reasonable care and caution when dealing with the company’s assets. By misusing the credit cards of the company, he had breache d his duty. The removal of Mr. Tyler can be justified on the basis of his mismanagement of the company’s funds and his general conduct during the period of his directorship. The only problem in this regard is Article 11 of the Articles of Association of the company, where it requires the passing of a special resolution for the removal or appointment of a director. Under CA 2006, a director can be removed by simple majority but with special notice. The brief is silent about the special notice. Thus, a special notice and a chance of hearing to defend against the removal is mandatory before taking the decision of removal Mr. Tyler. Thus, his removal without these prerequisites can be invalidated. In my opinion, although the current directors have a prospect of getting a court decision in their favour, if a claim is brought under unfair prejudice Mr. Tyler can stake a personal claim or derivative claim or a claim for the just and equitable winding up of the company. In my opinion , the best option available to the company and its directors is to offer to buy Mr. Tyler’s shares at a fair rate. 5. With respect to the winding-up petition, Mr Henderson would like to dispute the petition on the basis of his letter to the creditor, when they first demanded the payment explaining that under the company’s standard terms and conditions it has 60 days time lag after receipt of invoices. The petition can be disputed, as the company has a policy to pay its debts within 60 days of receiving the invoice, which can be discerned from the company’s previous transactions. The company can apply for an injunction or an application for the rejection of the insolvency proceedings, but there are chances that the court may issue an order against the company, which will result in additional costs being incurred by them. In my opinion, the best option available to the company is to make an application to the court for the assurance of a validation order so that t he company can pay its outstanding debts. As the company’s accounts are held at one branch and the bank has frozen the bank account, the company can ask for a validation order to allow it to use its accounts to pay off the debts. Removal of Mr Tyler from the Directorship 6. Mr. Tyler was removed from his capacity as a director of the company during the last year, when the other directors decided that Mr.

Barker v. Wingo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Barker v. Wingo - Essay Example Of the six Manning trials, four emerged erroneous prompting new trials. On February 1963, Barker’s trial was scheduled after finding Manning guilty of the murders. Two more trials were done for Barker, who tried to have his case dismissed for having been denied speedy trial right. This was rejected and he was convicted and issued with a life sentence. Barker’s appeal for the decision finally ended up at the Supreme Court. Any inflexible rule cannot determine the constitutional right of the defendant to a speedy trial, but an ad hoc balancing basic can be used instead where the conduct of the prosecution is weighed against the defendant’s. The court decided that the defendant was never denied his constitutional right to a speedy trial. In the case, after establishing that no serious prosecution prejudice existed and that the defendant never wanted speedy trial, the court concluded that Barker’s constitutional right to a speedy trial was not violated. Barker delayed to object the delays until after their occurrence. When a defendant has the intention of having a speedy trial, he has an obligation to actively invoke it. The Court decision was thus on

BUSINESS PLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BUSINESS PLAN - Essay Example Provides guest house facilities in the area of Manhattan in the big apple, which is New York. The company realizes the important role played by the service industry in providing services to travelers around the world by meeting their lodging needs. In line with this, the service industry has been one of the most growing industries especially in the Manhattan borough following an influx of travelers in this area. Hence, the company realizes the need to fill the gap by providing lodging facilities aimed at travelers from South Korea. The founder and CEO [Insert your name here] currently holds the company’s stock. For many years, South Koreans have been coming to New York, more so to the borough of Manhattan and they have faced numerous problems regarding their lodging needs. As a result, they have been forced to spend a lot of money on boarding or resulted to finding illegal boarding and lodging facilities that did not have operation licenses. In effect, they have experienced in stances of insecurity and Eagle Guest House Ltd wants to change the current state of affairs by providing affordable lodging facilities to this group. ... The company also aims at steadily growing and becoming profitable in the second year of its operation. Industry and Competitor Analysis The service industry in New York has many international and local hostels that meet the needs of different travelers. In the borough of Manhattan, many hotels offer services to clients although most hotels offered discriminative prices on their services. In this case, the hotels were expensive for an ordinary South Korea. On the other hand, various illegal Korean guesthouses faced the prospects of closure due to their illegal operations. Hence, there is a need to fill this gap. Target Customers The company targets customers from South Korea who travel to the United States, and especially to the borough of Manhattan. Due to the elimination of visa requirements for South Koreans to travel to the United States two years ago, there has been an influx in the number of travelers to the country. Hence, this is the clientele that the company targets with for ecasts indicating that more South Koreans are traveling to New York, and especially to the borough of Manhattan. Company Description Eagle Guest House Ltd is a startup. Hence, the company will be starting its operations once it outlines the plans necessary for any startup. However, the specific objective of the company is to meet the demand for affordable boarding and lodging needs for South Koreans who traveled to the United States, and especially to the borough of Manhattan. In line with this, the company’s other objectives are to enhance profitability during the second year of business, which implies that the first year of business will be to establish the company and create a foundation for profit

Humans Causing The Sixth Mass Extinction

Humans Causing The Sixth Mass Extinction Humans could be causing the sixth mass extinction of the world through the effect the human species has on the planet earth. Human population density increases, climate change due to human activities and increased human exploration and interference of nature are some of the ways humans are on their way to causing the sixth mass extinction. A mass extinction refers to the extinction of a significant proportion of the worlds biota in a geologically insignificant period of time (Hallam Wignall, 2002, p. 2). Put simply this means a large amount of species die out a little amount of time. Raup (1992) suggests that approximately half the earths surface must be environmentally affected in order for a mass extinction, on par with previous mass extinctions, to occur (Hallam Wignall, 2002). Previous mass extinctions have occurred towards the ends of the Ordovician, Devonian, Permian, Triassic and Cretaceous eras (Mader, 2008). These time periods show a sudden marked decrease in biodiversity. Towards the end of the Ordovician period, the climate turned cold and it is believed up to 85% of the earths species disappeared. These species would have consisted of trilobites and brachiopods. The late Devonian mass extinction which was only recently recognised as a mass extinction in the late 1960s, continued for 20-25 million years with several extinction events such as the Kellwasser and Hangenberg (Hallam Wignall, 2002). Species including sponges, calcareous algae, foraminifera and bivalves suffered extinction within this period (Hallam Wignall, 2002). The mass extinction of the late Permian era over 250 million years ago is known to be the most severe with extinction of 54% of marine families and 96% of all marine species (Erwin, 1990). During the Triassic period, plant li fe consisted mainly of confiers and cycads. It was during this time period the first dinosaurs appeared and continued to survive despite a significant decrease in biota towards the end of this era. It is believed that the Cretaceous mass extinction was caused by meteorites that fell to the earth causing a dust cloud. This dust cloud then blocked out the sun, causing atmospheric temperatures to drop and the majority of life on earth to cease. The Creataceous mass extinction marked the extinction of the dinosaurs (Mader, 2008). The sheer increase in human population and density has affected the earths animals. It is estimated that the world population grows at approximately 1.15% per year. Within the 40 years between 1959 and 1999, the world population doubled from 3 billion to 6 billion (Worldometers.info, 2009). This translates to not only an increased strain on natural resources such as water but also increased competition for resources amongst all living things. Human activity has had a tremendous impact on the planet earth. It is estimated between one third and one half of the earths surface has been altered by human activities such as deforestation, forestry and development (Vitousek, Mooney, Lubchenco, Melillo, 1997). These practices alter the earths biodiversity and drive climate change affecting ecosystems which consequently causes disruption to the animal kingdom. Land transformation also directly contributes to climate change with an approximate 20% increased concentration of greenhouse gases an d air pollution (Vitousek, Mooney, Lubchenco, Melillo, 1997). Within the oceans, although the impact of human activity can be difficult to measure, there is significant damage. It is estimated 50% of the worlds mangroves have been destroyed or severely affected by humans (Vitousek, Mooney, Lubchenco, Melillo, 1997). Needless to say, every area of the planet that is affected by humans, affects every living thing surviving within that area. There have been many animals that have existed and become extinct before humans have even discovered they may have once existed at all (Jefferson Zuckerman, 1993). Coupled with the arrival of the first British settlers to Australia came the disappearance of nearly all large mammals and flightless birds (Jefferson Zuckerman, 1993). The largest animal types have suffered extinction such as the Dodo, the elephant birds of Madagascar and the turtles of Galapagos. A predicted 13 000 turtles disappeared within the Galapagos islands between 1838 and 1888 due to their demand as a food supply on crew ships crossing the area (Jefferson Zuckerman, 1993). Such instances of animal extinction due to humans are increasingly common. Recent calculations show that animal extinction has increased by 100 to 1000 times since human domination of the planet (Jefferson Zuckerman, 1993). This translates into approximately 18% of mammals, 11% of birds, 5% of fish and 8% of flora on earth threatened with e xtinction due to human domination (Jefferson Zuckerman, 1993). Although there are countless specific examples of particular species that have become extinct due to reasons directly related to human activity, the extinction of earths megafauna is the most poignant. The extinction of the megafauna, land animals weighing up to 45kg, has been attributed to human colonisation (Roberts, et al., 2001). Megafauna extinction in Australia occurred within the last million years, directly after known human settlement. This extinction pattern continued for North then South America, Madagascar and New Zealand providing evidence to suggest human colonisation could have contributed to the extinction of the megafauna (Roberts, et al., 2001). Humans are causing the sixth mass extinction through continued development to advance the human race without consideration of the environmental impact (Eldredge, 2001). It is predicted three major causes of animal extinction are direct habitat destruction, over exploitation and introduced species. Human consumption and exploitation of natural resources causes changes in the earths atmosphere such as an increase in greenhouse gases leading to increased temperatures on earth. Humans are causing the sixth mass extinction through consumption of natural resources that has a significant impact on the earths flora and fauna. Extinction rates of animals have dramatically increased since human colonisation and will continue to decrease without strict measures of conservation by all.

Fed Ex vs UPS Case Analysis Essay example -- essays research papers

Executive Summery The parcel service industry is made up of four main competitors. These competitors are UPS, FedEx, Airborne Express, and the U.S. Postal Service. Since 2000, American consumers have spent more than $50 billion to ship parcels, packages, and overnight letters. New parcel distribution patterns developed due to the way U.S. manufacturing companies are operating. The Internet has expanded the reach of direct marketing, particularly with retail transactions requiring home delivery. Globalization has also created the need for parcel carriers to expand worldwide. UPS and FedEx are the leading parcel carriers in the U.S. FedEx has significantly expanded their capability to compete with UPS’s dominant ground delivery service. UPS has continued its strong marketing efforts in overnight and deferred air services. Both of these carriers have introduced information systems, which include user-friendly Internet interfaces. The carriers have also expanded logistical services and improved integration with customer supply chains. State of the Environment State of the General Environment More and more people are using computers and the Internet. Dual income families have increased spending; therefore more people are ordering products over the internet at a high rate. The Internet offers customers a one stop source for global shipping. Due to this, there has been an increase in using information technology and the Internet for businesses. This has created an increase in trade and investment along with global shipping logistics and supply chain solutions. With the increase in globalization, companies have had to adapt to the diverse work force and the culture of the countries in which they are conducting business. The parcel service industry is controlled by strict regulations and federal law. For example, September 11 brought stricter laws and regulations in the parcel service industry. Operations must maintain federal approval to operate in the United States. State of the Industry Environment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The parcel service industry is dominated by four carriers that make up 95 percent of the industries domestic revenue. Over the years, the industry has had an increase growth rate over time and an increased role in the economy. This is due to the way manufacturing companies are now operating. With the growth of the parcel service ... ...hich means that a business can get paid quicker, lower its capital requirements, minimize management headaches, manage change and gain competitive advantage. UPS focus is to help their customers consistently achieve these results. The core of UPS is the distribution of goods and the information that accompanies them. UPS has branched out to focus on services. The company’s expertise in shipping and tracking positioned it to become an enabler of global commerce and also a facilitator of commerce, which includes goods, information, and capital. To fulfill the vision of offering new services, UPS strategically acquired existing companies and created new kinds of companies that did not previously exist. Through these acquisitions and creations, UPS serves its customers by providing unique supply-chain solutions. UPS allowed its customers to better serve their own customers, and focus on core competencies. UPS has a Logistics Group to provide global supply chain management solutions and consulting services based on customers ´ individual needs. UPS has a mission to provide a list of options of integrated financial products and services that enable companies to grow their business.

Philosophy of Education Essay

The philosophy of education can be defined as a belief/thought/theory on the ways which can be used in the process of education and also the importance of education. This defines how children are to be educated as well as the purpose that education plays in the society. There is a necessity of philosophy which can be termed as the same as the need for a plan in life or even as a way in which to find a destination in life. The major source of the philosophy in education is the mixture or combination of material which has been read or studied on the thoughts of other people which can be termed as idealism or rationalism and also the personal experiences which can be grossly defined as direct and also indirect realism of empiricism(Carr, 2003). In a period of time there have been a lot of changes in technology as compared to the philosophy of education. Online courses have been made a reality through the advent of the internet and the computers. Creation of a learning community which is effective has a major requirement that the supposed learners do share the knowledge that they have and also their suggestions and thoughts so that the process of interaction with the fellow learners and their respective instructors is of importance. At the same time these processes should contribute to the readings and also to the assignments. I believe that education is truly a major factor in promoting the evolution of not just an individual but the society as a whole. This paper presents the role education plays as well as my personal views on this concept. With the philosophy of Neo-Thomism and Locke, Rousseau being my greatest inspirations as a teacher, the paper further explains these two concepts. It clearly brings out my role as a teacher, my vision for how schools should be in terms of curriculums, instructions as well as assessments. The role of a student has also been defined. Towards the end of the paper, the paper presents intervention measures that would be most effective in dealing with drug, tobacco and alcohol use and abuse and with teen pregnancies as two risk factors among the young students. The paper is written out of my own experience as a seventh grade science teacher. It contains my personal views and possible actions. Classic Educational Philosophies and Philosophers Educators draw their motivation from different philosophies or philosophers of education. My closest match for me has always been the philosophy of Neo Thomism by Jacques Maritain and Etienne Gilson as well as that of one great philosopher called Locke, Rousseau. Neo Thomism goes against modern philosophy and philosophical systems. The philosophy calls for the use of principles used to build philosophy. According to Gilson, this principles are very important are important necessities during philosophical inquiries and orientations. Rousseau called for an educational system that exposed a child into particular environment and allowing the students to learn form the situations within that environment. Students should learn from their surroundings and from the happenings in the society, this way they will have the capacity and skills to solve any situation and day to day occurrences. This is in line with my goal and objective of bringing up students into mature adults who can fearlessly and strongly face the every day hassles of the world and develop workable solutions in life be it at work, in their personal, social or emotional lives. Role as a Teacher My personal role and goal as a teacher is to ensure that children enjoy learning and completely deal with the every day perception that school is boring. It is with this in mind that I always incorporate fun in learning, engaging in out door activities that will further promote understanding of what is learnt in class. Education should aim at creating a will to learn more. Vision for Schools It is important that schools always work towards bringing out individuals successful students not just academically and out of high grades but also socially, emotionally and psychologically. Education should teach students on how to successfully deal with the day to day situations of life, it should teach us how to find solutions to various challenges (Gutek,1997). School curriculums should aim at bringing out the best of what is education is meant to bring. It should be a curriculum where students can learn to make use of the day to day happenings and innovations. I personally find the West Australian’s recently implemented outcome- based curriculum whereby a the curriculum is planned on the basis of what outcomes the teacher wants to achieve rather than on particular contents that have to be taught(Bloodworth, 2002). This curriculum also has its negative side mainly due to its difficulty in promoting uniformity in education quality. Incorporating the two approaches , the outcome based and the content based, as well as the use of the internet is a one way through which quality workable curriculums can be developed (Clabaugh & Rozycki, 1990). One suitable way of assessing what the students have learned is holding a question answer session after each lesson. Success rate will in this case be rated by the student’s ability to answer questions. The participation of each student should be a major consideration. Role of the Students Generally, seventh grade students have been found to divert their interests from learning to other issues such as fan and socialization. It is important to have these students have the inner drive to learn and achieve success. The best of achieving this is creating a situation whereby students can positively learn from their peers through class discussions, interaction and active engagements in class projects as well as presentations. Risk Factors Young children are faced with a number of risk factors likely to expose them to numerous problems in their lives and to affect their education. As an experienced teacher who has taught seventh grade students for over five years now, I have learnt to deal with these risks and have specifically dealt with teenage pregnancies and with the abuse of alcohol and drugs. In a situation where I have a student with these two risk factors in my class there are various interventions that I would undertake to deal with these problems. My first action would be to create a foundation at which the student can trust and confide in me. My listening skills should be of importance at this point. I will also ensure that the child does not feel discriminated and out of place neither is she the only person who has been in similar a situation. The views, desires and ideas of the student will enable me to identify the necessary steps to take with the need to make her realize the need to positively change. Introducing this student to other young persons who are going through the same problem as she is would be an effective way of positively encouraging her. The group will give her the chance to open up, give her a sense of belonging, hope and will to change. Learning from the experiences of others, both peers and older people, could be a workable intervention. Students and young people need to know on the various other ways through which they can have fun without necessarily having to engage in sexual activities or drug use (Zygon, 1985). The involvement of parents is also very essential. The parents need to know the positive role they should play in ensuring that the child is able to deal with the situation. One way through which these interventions can be implemented is through professional counseling and guidance for both the student and the parents or guardians. A counselor will effectively be able to communicate with them, get to the root causes of the problem and in turn develop workable solutions. Rehabilitation of the student as a way of dealing with alcohol and drug abuse is another sure way of enhancing positive change and ability to deal with the problem. In each of these cases, the student should be let to interact with other peers going through the same situations. Learning from the existing happenings in the society and from the experiences of others will be an effective form of intervention. Conclusion The philosophy of education acts as a personal guide for every teacher. It helps in defining ones goal as a teacher, outcomes or results desired and ways of achieving these outcomes. A philosophy basically acts as a basis to promoting the development of a child in school. It defines the role of both the teacher and student. Educational philosophies are therefore effective means of promoting quality education with purpose of education being clearly defined. A teacher with a philosophy will not only be able to provide quality education for his students but to also effectively deal with the various risk factors that students may be going through. , a teacher should be able to build the child physically, mentally, socially and emotionally. It should train them on how to deal with the day to day situation and to find solutions to the various problems they may come across not just as students but also as adults. Education gives a basis for the future. This can only be achieved if the students are allowed to learn through the everyday happenings and situations in the society. References Bloodworth R. (2002) â€Å"Methods of and Curricula for Institutionally Implementing and Sustaining Education†. Educational Philosophy and Change, 2(1): 234 Carr, D. (2003) Making Sense of Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy and Theory of Education and Teaching. London: RoutledgeFalmer. Clabaugh, G. & Rozycki, E. (1990). Understanding schools: The foundations of education. New York: Harper & Row. Gutek, G. (1997) Philosophical and Ideological Perspectives on Education. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Zygon, K. (1985) â€Å"Zygon: Imaging the Future: New Visions and New Responsibilities†. JOP, 20, (3):65.

Pressure Groups †Amnesty International Essay Essays

Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essays Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essay Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essay In Great Britain. the figure of political parties is really little. whereas the figure of force per unit area groups runs into 1000s ; as the rank of political parties has fallen. that of force per unit area groups has increased. The purpose of all force per unit area groups is to act upon the people who really have the power to do determinations. A force per unit area group is an organized group that seeks to act upon the authorities determinations or protect or progress a peculiar cause or involvement. Groups may advance a specific issue and raise it up the political docket. Pressure groups are sometimes able to garner sufficient support to coerce authorities to amend or even scrap statute law. For illustration. in March 1998 around 300. 000 people went to London to protest about the Labour government’s rural policies – the ‘Countryside March’ – the authorities reacted by denoting programs for a Ministry of Rural Affairs and by printing a white pap er look intoing all facets of rural life. In return. these groups have an input into the devising of determinations. My presentation is chiefly focused on the one of the most influential force per unit area group and human rights administration in the universe. called Amnesty International. Amnesty International is a world-wide motion of people who run for internationally recognized human rights to be respected and protected for everyone. It undertakes research and takes action aimed at forestalling and stoping sedate maltreatments of these rights. demanding that all authoritiess and other powerful entities respect the regulation of jurisprudence. It campaigns globally and locally. Amnesty International members and protagonists exert influence on authoritiess. political organic structures. Militants take up human rights issues by mobilising public force per unit area through mass presentations. vigils. direct lobbying. publication and publicity of research findings. human rights instruction or co-operation with pupil groups. Amnesty International works with and for persons the universe over. For illustration. it takes action to: halt force against adult females or get rid of the decease punishment. Ever since Amnesty International started runing in 1961. it has worked around the Earth to halt the maltreatment of human rights. In 1961 Peter Benenson launched a worldwide run. ‘Appeal for Amnesty 1961’ with the publication of a outstanding article. ‘The Forgotten Prisoners’ . The imprisonment of two Lusitanian pupils. who had raised their vino spectacless in a toast to freedom. moved Benenson to compose this article. His entreaty was reprinted in other documents across the universe and turned out to be the generation of Amnesty International. The first international meeting was held in July. with delegates from Belgium. the UK. France. Germany. Ireland. Switzerland and the US. They decided to set up â€Å"a lasting international motion in defense mechanism of freedom of sentiment and religion† . On Human Rights Day. 10 December. the first Amnesty taper was lit. In January 1962 the first research trip was undertaken. This trip to Ghana. was followed by Czechoslovakia in February ( on behalf of a captive of scruples ) . and so to Portugal and East Germany. Furthermore. At a conference in Belgium. a determination was made to put up a lasting organisation that will be known as Amnesty International. During all these old ages Amnesty International has undertaken many of the runs and actions and developed human rights. It broaden its district and became one of the most stronger human rights defender. In January 1969. UNESCO granted Amnesty International advisory position as the organisation reached another milepost – 2. 000 captives of scruples released. In 1977 the administration was awarded Nobel Peace Prize for its â€Å"campaign against torture† . and the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 1978. After 30 old ages the organisation broaden its range to cover work on maltreatments by armed resistance groups. surety pickings and people imprisoned due to their sexual orientation. Thousands of Amnesty International members respond to Urgent Action entreaties on behalf of persons at immediate hazard. Publicity through the intelligence media and the cyberspace takes its message in many linguistic communications to 1000000s of people. It is an administration independent of any authorities. political political orientation. economic involvement or faith. it is democratic and autonomous and financially self-sufficing. Amnesty International has more than 2. 8 million members. protagonists and endorsers in over 150 states and districts. in every part of the universe. It has offices in 80 states around the universe. for illustration in Sweden. Senegal or Bangladesh. Amnesty International research squads concentrating on peculiar states and subjects investigate studies of human rights maltreatments. cross checking and confirming information from a broad assortment of beginnings and contacts. It receives information from many beginnings. including: captives and others enduring other human rights maltreatments and their representatives. attorneies and journalists. refugees. community workers and human rights organisations and guardians All Amnesty International candidacy and research is fact based. Among the many activities it carry out. it sends experts to speak with victims. observes tests. proctors planetary and local media. publicise its concerns in paperss. cusps. postings. advertizements. newssheets and web sites. Amnesty International’s current six twelvemonth ( 2010 -2016 ) scheme aims to authorise rights-holders whose rights are challenged and beef up the human rights motion.